{"id":268403,"date":"2025-08-07T07:10:20","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T07:10:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/268403\/"},"modified":"2025-08-07T07:10:20","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T07:10:20","slug":"football-architects-tom-byer-the-american-coach-behind-japans-technical-revolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/268403\/","title":{"rendered":"Football Architects:\u00a0Tom Byer, the American coach behind Japan\u2019s technical revolution"},"content":{"rendered":"

This is the final part of a six-part series looking at figures who have played a pivotal role in a modern football success story. The first piece, on the rebuilding of Ajax, can be found here<\/a>. Part two, on\u00a0Belgium becoming No 1 in the FIFA rankings, is here<\/a>. Part three, on the rise of Croatian football, is here<\/a>. Part four on the sport\u2019s data pioneers is here<\/a>. And part five on the creation of the England DNA is here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

You can listen to the related podcasts here on The Athletic FC Tactics Podcast feed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tom Byer takes a breath, one of less than a dozen which it feels like he takes over the course of 90 minutes, and from his Tokyo living room outlines his unique theory of development.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen you can close the gap between the very best and the least developed, that\u2019s where the magic happens,\u201d he explains. \u201cThat\u2019s what you see today in Japan. Our players are some of the most recruited players in the world right now. But the thing is, most people can\u2019t explain why Japan have become so good. And that\u2019s because they don\u2019t understand grassroots football.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople look at it more as an obligation than an opportunity. The common belief is that the battle for developing top players is primarily at the elite level. It\u2019s not. It\u2019s the entry level. The entry level is where the biggest disparity in football development is.\u201d<\/p>\n

Byer wants to reshape your thinking. The 64-year-old has lived in Japan for 40 years, from the ground floor of the country\u2019s footballing evolution.<\/p>\n

Over the decades, he has physically led more than 2,000 events, in every one of Japan\u2019s 47 prefectures, helping transform a non-factor into one of the most technically adept nations in the world. His fingerprints lie all over its football \u2014 the J1 League, the 2002 World Cup, the development of Takumi Minamino, and Japan\u2019s women becoming world champions.<\/p>\n

Put together with his work in China, India, and the Philippines, where he has worked alongside stakeholders, literally millions of children have experienced the American\u2019s methods. In terms of reach, he is arguably the most influential coach in the world.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tom Byer coaching alongside Zinedine Zidane at an Adidas event (Credit: Tom Byer)<\/p>\n

It has been quite the journey for a man who admits that his professional career was, in his own words, average. Born in New York City in 1960, he played at college before moving to Japan in 1985, joining Hitachi Ibaraki SC and turning out for their second team. On retiring, he did not know what he wanted to do next \u2014 except for one thing. He had fallen in love with Japan and wanted to stay.<\/p>\n

Japan, at the same time, was falling in love with football. The J-League (now J1 League) was founded in 1992, while, one year later, Japan applied to co-host the 2002 World Cup alongside South Korea. Japanese sport is largely funded by private companies \u2014 Byer started pitching to these brands, Nestle first, asking for support in running training camps.<\/p>\n

Around that time, he also came across the work of Dutch coach Wiel Coerver, an influential if fringe figure in European coaching circles. Coerver believed skill level was not inherent but could be taught \u2014 one of his high-profile students was former Chelsea and Liverpool winger Bolo Zenden, who won 54 caps for the Netherlands between 1997 and 2004.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen I stopped playing, I didn\u2019t really have a methodology or philosophy other than the traditional perspective \u2014 shooting, passing and mini-games,\u201d he explains.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt wasn\u2019t until I saw Wiel Coerver\u2019s work that this changed. He had some resistance, but back in the 1970s, everybody believed you were born with skill and it couldn\u2019t really be nurtured. But what Koerver did was shine a light on improving the level of individuals. What I wanted was to create a movement here in Japan.\u201d<\/p>\n

The question Byer asked himself was straightforward in conception. When FIFA has 211 member countries, why have only eight nations ever won a World Cup? Why have only five more than that ever reached a final?<\/p>\n

\u201cSo the most common answer is that it comes down to coaching,\u201d he says. \u201cBut if these coaches move around, any country can buy them, why aren\u2019t more of them competing at the highest level?<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not that. What those eight countries have is a culture of development that starts way earlier than everybody else does; it starts as early as a child starts to walk. The kids in the non-football countries are joining clubs to learn the basics \u2014 that\u2019s the difference. You have to understand that. But the football world has not caught up to what science knows already, because skill acquisition happens much earlier than anyone expects.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Byer in the late 1980s, as he launched his coaching career (Credit: Tom Byer)<\/p>\n

Go to any park around the world on a sunny afternoon. There is a decent chance that you will find a parent and child playing with a ball. But in Byer\u2019s mind, their method of play should diverge from your typical sight.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou\u2019re going to find kicking, shooting, dribbling with someone trying to chase them,\u201d he says, waving his hand. \u201cBut what I want to talk about is ball mastery. It\u2019s much bigger than football. It\u2019s a mental and physical exercise \u2014 the mind and body working as one, to allow the brain to create a chemical signature of the experience. That\u2019s an emotional connection. It\u2019s how deep learning and long-term memory takes place.\u201d<\/p>\n

Byer uses his own two children as examples throughout. When they were young, he placed balls all round the house, discouraging them from kicking and instead promoting ball mastery \u2014 close control, keeping the ball tightly on a leash. Both his children, now in their late teens, are pursuing professional careers.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s a common thread with all the top players in the world \u2014 Messi, Ronaldo, Suarez, Iniesta, Kane. They don\u2019t fall in love with football. They fall in love with the ball first. Takumi Minamino, as a toddler between one and three, he started practising with his dad inside and outside the house. Same thing with our other boy, Takefusa Kubo. He started when he was two or three with his dad.\u201d<\/p>\n

Byer claims that 95 per cent of a child\u2019s brain is developed by the age of five or six. He calls this type of play \u201cinstalling software\u201d \u2014 uploading implicit memory into the unconscious mind via the cerebellum. It means that, by the age of six, children already have an innate technical ability.<\/p>\n

\u201cObviously, all kids can improve,\u201d he says. \u201cBut there does seem to be a window or gate that closes when it comes to skill acquisition at a very young age.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnd so if you want to have a paradigm shift in football development, develop an army of little five and six-year-old boys and girls that are skilled at ball mastery before they cross the line into organised play. The old European mantra of just let them play ball games, it works, but only if you have kids that have mastered the basic fundamentals. Then they can benefit from more complex movements.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Byer at an early training class (Credit: Tom Byer)<\/p>\n

Japan has its own benefits for skill acquisition. There is no off-season for the majority of activities \u2014 while culturally, children specialise early rather than becoming multi-sport athletes, flying counter to the perceived western wisdom. Instead, a six-year-old will be expected to train four times a week, with training sessions lasting up to three hours.<\/p>\n

The self-evident question is one of fun. Externally, if children are discouraged from shooting, asked to specialise at an early age, and face long training sessions, is the entertainment of childhood being given up in favour of technical ability? Not according to Byer, who sees the early stages of ball mastery as crucial for bonding with parents. He calls his method Football Starts At Home.<\/p>\n

\u201cA little two-year-old is not going to go dancing around in an empty room with nobody watching,\u201d he argues. \u201cSo they\u2019re constantly developing this parent-child bond that is almost impossible to replicate with a coach at these younger ages.<\/p>\n

\u201cNone of this falls in the context of teams, coaching, competition, winning, losing. It falls in the context of families. And this is a bias that manifests in a very positive way. When these kids turn up to organised practice on their first day, they\u2019re going to be the most popular kids on their team. When the coach says \u2018Four to a ball\u2019, they\u2019re going to go to the good kids\u2019 ground. They become the leaders as well. It\u2019s not a wonder that most captains at youth ages are the best players.\u201d<\/p>\n

Over the years, Byer was somewhat prophetic in using a multimedia approach to spread his work. Scarcely a delivery model existed in Japan that he did not touch. He had a regular corner in the majority of the major football magazines, outlining drills. He was the Nintendo Game Boy default character in the 2000s. Adidas tapped him to run campaigns. He appeared on VCRs, DVDs, and manga comics.<\/p>\n

The most significant by far, however, was television. He appeared on Oha Suta, Japan\u2019s most popular breakfast children\u2019s show, presenting the \u201cTomsan\u2019s Soccer Technics\u201d feature daily. Born out of Pokemon, he joined the programme a few months before the World Cup, where he was beamed to five million viewers for 13 years. All in all, he produced 3,500 training clips. It made him one of the most recognisable figures in Japanese football.<\/p>\n

The Japanese Football Association was taking notice. Byer travelled across Japan alongside a former international named Asako Takakura, running over 80 grassroots events each year as well as helping operate the JFA\u2019s eight regional training centres as the technical specialist. He coached a national Under-12 selection; Takakura coached the girls. Eventually, Takakura rose to Under-17 head coach (where she won the 2014 World Cup), to the Under-20s, to coaching the national team, which she helmed from 2016 to 2021.<\/p>\n

One of the regulars at Byer\u2019s camp was Aya Miyama \u2014 who, in 2011, led Japan to World Cup victory.<\/p>\n

\u201cShe came to those events,\u201d says Byer. \u201cWe took her overseas to play. I\u2019ve known her since she was a little girl. I wanted to popularise the women\u2019s game here because people don\u2019t realise we only have 30,000 girls that are registered to play football here in Japan. That\u2019s a tiny number.<\/p>\n

\u201cBut yet, we\u2019ve won all three FIFA World Cup competitions \u2014 Under-17, Under-20 and the senior World Cup \u2014 and we did that in the space of seven years.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Byer with a young Aya Miyama (left) and wearing her World Cup winners\u2019 medal (Credit: Tom Byer)<\/p>\n

It is notable that Byer uses \u2018we\u2019 for Japan throughout. He describes their 2011 World Cup win as his proudest moment in football, several members of the squad having graduated from his camps.<\/p>\n

\u201cThat was the year that Japan had the earthquake, the tsunami, and the nuclear meltdown,\u201d he remembers. \u201cIn the last game, I was asked to come into the TV broadcaster, but I couldn\u2019t do it. I wanted to be by myself. I knew I would be emotional about it, I even get it right now. My whole career has been here; I played here, coached here, built a house here, made a business. I have people in every single team, whether it is the players, the coaches, or the administrators.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnd I remember that game because Aya, the girl from our schools, scored the equaliser to send it into extra time. I was an emotional wreck.\u201d<\/p>\n

He is confident that Japan\u2019s men are the next side due to break through, their team similarly made up of his proteges, who grew up watching him on . They were the first side to qualify for the 2026 World Cup in the United States.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn the last World Cup window, five of the players came from our school \u2014 Takumi Minamino, Ritsu Doan, Ayase Ueda, Wataru Endo, the captain, and Reo Hatate over at Celtic,\u201d Byer lists. \u201cReo came from the Under-12 selection I coached.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s unusual to have five kids, and they\u2019re only the ones I know of. They\u2019re the big numbers \u2014 No 8, No 9, No 10, No 11 \u2014 they all come from our schools.\u201d<\/p>\n

Minamino and Byer are still close. Back at the 2022 Qatar World Cup, Japan won plaudits for their bravery on the ball and technical brilliance. They deservedly beat Spain 2-1, the reigning European champions, as well as defeating Germany. Though they have not reached the latter stages of the World Cup like their female counterparts, they have only exited the last two tournaments by the barest margins, to a miraculous Belgian comeback and on penalties to extra-time specialists Croatia.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Minamino and Byer are still close (Photo: Kenta Harada\/Getty Images)<\/p>\n

\u201cNobody thought we\u2019d make it out of the groups because of Spain and Germany, two World Cup giants,\u201d says Byer. \u201cIt\u2019s not at all impossible for us to get to a semi-final or final. But will they? The difficulty is that we need better competition in Asia, we ran through everybody to qualify. We need a stronger China, a stronger Thailand, a stronger Vietnam. We need India and Indonesia. I think that\u2019s what might push Japan over the edge \u2014 stronger consistent opposition. There\u2019s no doubt in my mind that this team now is the best we\u2019ve ever had.\u201d<\/p>\n

Though he has been invited to the likes of Ajax, Manchester United, and FIFA\u2019s headquarters, Byer is at his most excited when speaking about his work across Asian football. Last December, the AFC invited him to Seoul to present his ideas to all 47 member countries. In China, meanwhile, he presented a TV show alongside David Beckham which ran every day for a year, both working as Adidas ambassadors.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn Asia, we have 630million children under the age of six,\u201d he says, his speech accelerating. \u201cIndia has 180million. China has another 120million. And there\u2019s no development strategy for these kids, because they haven\u2019t crossed the line into organised play yet. To me, that\u2019s the missing piece of the puzzle.<\/p>\n

\u201cBut because there\u2019s less of a football culture, that\u2019s why it\u2019s easier to get the buy-in. We work with schools and put these strategies in place, working with parents to explain why their kids are coming home with a little ball. And they can see the degree of focus and attention.\u201d<\/p>\n

These are all long-term plans \u2014 it takes at least 15 years for three-year-olds to develop into players capable of contributing at international level. In Japan, the first players to have come through Byers\u2019 programmes are now approaching the twilight of their careers. Having hit a height of ninth in the world rankings, who could follow Japan into the world\u2019s top 10?<\/p>\n

Currently, Byer is working closely with the Philippines FA, shaping the football strategy of a nation with 17million children under six.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019re the first country of 211 to actually adopt Football Starts at Home as their first official pathway,\u201d he exclaims. \u201cI was there five times last year, going on a 33-state tour. This is going to be the next story in 10 or 20 years. People are going to say: \u2018What the heck happened in the Philippines?\u2019 And again, nobody\u2019s going to understand it.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"This is the final part of a six-part series looking at figures who have played a pivotal role…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":268404,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2026],"tags":[1784,7,16199,3149,16108,3373,30045],"class_list":{"0":"post-268403","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-football","8":"tag-culture","9":"tag-football","10":"tag-international-football","11":"tag-japan","12":"tag-mens-world-cup","13":"tag-soccer","14":"tag-us-mens-national-team"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/channels.im\/@nfl\/114986236939298778","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/268403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=268403"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/268403\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/268404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=268403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=268403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rawchili.com\/nfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=268403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}